| India Across the Ages | |||||||||||||
| South India | North India | ||||||||||||
| Punjab Sindhu Gujarata Maratha Dravida Utkala VangaVindhya Himachal Yamuna Ganga | Punjab Sindhu Gujarata Maratha Dravida Utkala Vanga Vindhya Himachal Yamuna Ganga | ||||||||||||
| 3300 | Indus Valley: Ravi Phase Bronze Age | Late Indo-European (IE) people Kurgan (Pit Grave) Culture | |||||||||||
| Legends | 3200 | ||||||||||||
| RED: World Heritage Site | 3100 | Indo-European Language | |||||||||||
| BLUE: Art, Literature, Science, Religion or Socio-Cultural Renaissance | 3000 | Mohenjodaro City | |||||||||||
| GOLDEN: Emergence of Pan-India or Golden Age | 2900 | Long Distance Voyage with Mesopotamia | |||||||||||
| 2800 | Indo-Iranian (IIr.) people Separated from IE (Hut Grave) | ||||||||||||
| 2700s: Beginning of Dynasty/Age marked in RED bar | 2700s: Beginning of Dynasty/Age marked in BLUE bar | 2700 | City States (Sumer) , Old Kingdom (Egypt) & Elam (Iran) | ||||||||||
| 2600s: Beginning of Dynasty/Age marked in GREEN bar | 2600: Important Highlights of same Dynasty marked in BLUE | 2600 | Mature Harappan Phase | ||||||||||
| 2500s: Important Highlights of same Dynasty marked in GREEN | 2500s: Beginning of Dynasty/Age marked in VIOLET bar | 2500 | Elamo-Dravidian Language | Centum-Satem division complete IIr. a Satem language | |||||||||
| 2400 | First dock at Lothal | ||||||||||||
| 2300 | Prominence of Babylon | ||||||||||||
| 2200 | Non IIr. BMAC in Central Asia & IIr. Andronovo Culture | ||||||||||||
| 2100 | |||||||||||||
| 2000 | Indo-Aryan & Iranian breakup (The Aryan Trail) | ||||||||||||
| 1900 | Prominence of Ashur (Assyria) | Early Andronovo people in BMAC | |||||||||||
| 1800 | Later Andronovo people in BMAC | ||||||||||||
| 1700 | Decline of Indus Valley Spreading of Natives India-wide | Aryan migration to Swat & Syria Decline of BMAC | |||||||||||
| 1600 | Remnants of Indo-Aryans in Gandhara Graves | ||||||||||||
| 1500 | Start of Aryan/Vedic Age Earliest Vedas: Rig Veda | Ochre Colored Pottery Culture | |||||||||||
| 1400 | Origin of Indian Music | ||||||||||||
| 1300 | Probable Mahabharata War | ||||||||||||
| 1200 | Settlements outside Punjab Prominence of Kuru Kingdom | Black & Red Ware Culture | |||||||||||
| 1100 | Atharva Veda mentions Iron Beginning of Iron Age | ||||||||||||
| 1000 | Eastward expansion of Aryans Use of Iron: Impact of Plough | ||||||||||||
| 900 | Prominence of Panchala | Painted Grey Ware Culture | |||||||||||
| 800 | Kasi, Kosala & Videha | ||||||||||||
| 700 | Earliest Upanishad | Age of 16 Mahajanapadas Democratic Republican States | |||||||||||
| 600 | Mahabharata, Ramayana Panini's Sanskrit Grammer | Silver coins: Magadha & Kosala | |||||||||||
| 500 | Mahavira: Rise of Jainism Gautam: Rise of Buddhism | University of Taxila Bimbisar: 1st Historical King | |||||||||||
| 400 | Magadha: New center of power Prominence of Pataliputra | ||||||||||||
| Sangama Chera Dynasty | Sangama Chola Dynasty | 300 | 1st Pan India Maurya EmpireChankya's Arthashastra | Porus fights with Alexander Rise of Chandragupta-Chanakya | |||||||||
| Pallava Dynasty | Sangama Pandya Dynasty Oldest Tamil Grammer | 200 | Kalinga War: Ashoka's RiseSachi, Bodhgaya Temples | Start of Satavahana Empire | |||||||||
| 100 | End of Maurya Dynasty Rise of Sungas: Magadha | Ajanta Cave Painting 1st Phase | |||||||||||
| 0 BC | Vikramaditya of Malwa, Avanti VikramSamvat Era: 57 BC | Invasion by Sakas Ujjain: Prime Meridian of India | |||||||||||
| Ambassadors to Greek, Rome | 0 AD | Kushan Empire: Kanishka Charak in Kanishka's Court | Start of Western Satraps(Sakas) Saka Era: 78 AD | ||||||||||
| 100 | Monasteries at Takht-i-BahiGandhra Art Flourishes | ||||||||||||
| Tamil Dark Age: Kalabhras End of Tamil Sangama Age | 200 | Bamiyan Buddha | Vakataka Dynasty | ||||||||||
| Kadamba: 1st Kannada Rule | 300 | 2nd Pan India Gupta EmpireGolden Age: Art/Science/Lit | |||||||||||
| 400 | Vikramaditya's Nava Ratna Nalanda University | Ajanta Cave Painting 2ndPhase | |||||||||||
| Badami Chalukya Kingdom | 500 | Hun Invasion: Fall of GuptasBrahmagupta Born | Pratihara: 1st Rajput Kingdom Prominence of Kanauj | ||||||||||
| Chalukyan Architecture Pulakeshi II defeats Harsha | Revival: Pallava Golden AgeMahabalipuram ShoreTemples | 600 | Harshavardhana's Rule Attempt to unify North India | Kingdom covers Central/North | |||||||||
| Temples at Pattadakal | Adi Shankaracharya | 700 | Democratic election of Gopala Pala Empire: North/East | Defends 1st Mulsim attack | |||||||||
| Rashtrakuta Kingdom Kannada Literature flourishes | 800 | Origin of Bengali languageSomapura Mahavihara | Conflict with Pala & Rashtrakuta Kanauj Triange | ||||||||||
| Elephanta/Ellora Caves | 900 | Chandela Rajput Kingdom: West/Central (Bundelkhand) | Rise of Chauhans, Paramaras Rise of Solanki (Gujarata) | ||||||||||
| Western Chalukya Kingdom | Chola Golden Age: Rajaraja Great Living Temples of Cholas | 1000 | Khajurao Monuments Chauhans: Ruler of Delhi | Eastern Ganga Dynasty (Orissa) | |||||||||
| Bhaskaracharya | Hoysala gains prominenceTemples of Belur/Halebidu | 1100 | Rise & Fall of Prithviraj Chauhan Md. Ghor ruler of Delhi | ||||||||||
| Kakatiya Kingdom: Andhra Yadava Kingdom: Karnataka | Pandya Golden Period Jatavarman Sundara Pandya | 1200 | Delhi Sultanate: Slave Dynasty Qutb-ud-din-Aybak: Qutb Minar | Konark Sun Temple | |||||||||
| Beginning of Vijaynagar EmpireGolden Age of Carnatic Music | 1300 | Khilji & Tughlaq Dynasti Amir Khusro's Music | Bengal Sultanate of Pathans Krittibasi Bengali Ramayana | ||||||||||
| Bahamani Sultanate peaks Breaks into 5 Deccan Sultanates | 1400 | Sayyid & Lodi Dynasties Bhakti Cult: Kabir & Nanak | Semi Independent for centuries Trade flourishes | ||||||||||
| Prominence of Deccan Sultanates Unitedly fight Vijaynagar | Peak: Krsihna Deva RayaMonuments at Hampi | 1500 | Babur: Mughal Empire starts Humayun: Humayun's Tomb | Akbar: 3rd Pan India Empire Nava Ratna, Fatehpur Sikri | |||||||||
| Falls to Mughals gradually Shivaji takes most of Bijapur | Falls to Bijapur Sultanate Gradual independence of Mysore | 1600 | ShahJahan: TajMahal RedFort Shalimar Gardens, Thatta | Maratha Empire: Shivaji Mughals fight Shikhs/Marathas | |||||||||
| Mysore: Rise of Hyder Ali/Tipu | Nizam of Hyderabad | 1700 | Gradual Decline of Mughals | Maratha peaks under Peshwas | |||||||||
| Tipu/Mysore falls to East India | Remains friendly to Company | 1750 | Mirza Ghalib Born | Battle of Plassey: Company Rule | |||||||||
| Company consolidates in South | Wodeyar becomes Mysore King | 1800 | Ranjit Singh's Shikh Empire | Bengal Rennaissance | |||||||||
| British Rule & Princely States | Remains friendly to British | 1850 | Rise of Indian Nationalism | Sepoy Mutiny: British Rule | |||||||||
| India's Independence | Nizam, Mysore join India | 1900 | Gandhi's Nonviolence | India's Independence | |||||||||
| Congress Rule & Emergency | Dravidian & Regional Politics | 1950 | Congress Rule & Emergency | Terrorism, Green Revolution | |||||||||
| Mission to Moon | Path to economic super power | 2000 | Mission to Moon | Path to economic super power | |||||||||
| 2050 | |||||||||||||
| The intent of this Timeline is to highlight the fact that there are much more than just fights and betrayals and devastations in the 5000 years of history of the Indian sub-continent. It unfurls the story of evolution of the all-inclusive, tolerant, assimilative and dynamic Indian Culture and tradition. It speaks about the extraordinary achievements of humanity over long periods of peace and prosperity - something rarely seen anywhere else in the world. It speaks about the highs and lows, the successes and failures - each of which played a vital role in shaping up the Indian Culture. | |||||||||||||
| Each dynasty or period is marked with a vertical bar of a particular color. The length of the bar is same as the duration for which the dynasty or period existed. The beginning of any dynasty or period and the related important highlights in different centuries are mentioned in an enclosure that encloses also the associated bar representing the dynasty. For example the Maratha Empire starting in 1600s and stretching till second half of 1700s is depicted by a chocolate-brown bar. The important highlights like rise of Shivaji and the fights with Mughals in 1600s and attaining its peak under the Peshwas in the first half of 1700s are mentioned against the correct centuries in an enclosure that encloses the chocolate-brown bar from top. The enclosure might not neccessarily extend till the end of the dynasty if there is no important event to highlight. | |||||||||||||
| Created by Sudipto Das, Jan '09 | |||||||||||||
| Sudipto's Home | |||||||||||||
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Sunday, March 6, 2011
India Timeline
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